The Human Biology in Medical Field

Archive for January, 2012

by pmarkham

Retina is located in the inner layer of the wall of eyeball. It is a kind of transparent membrane. Retina is composed of epithelial layer of pigment and sensory layer of retina. When the diseases occur, epithelial layer and sensory layer can be separated. Generally speaking, the epithelial layer is closely connected with choroid membrane. It is composed of epithelial cells of pigment which can support and nourish the reproduction and restoration of cells in the photoreceptor. According to the modern research, each 100 grams of spinach contains 2.4 grams of protein, 3.1 grams of carbohydrates, 72 milligrams of calcium, 53 milligrams of phosphorus, 1.8 milligrams of iron, 3.5 milligrams of carotene and 39 milligrams of vitamin C. What’s more, the contents of vitamin E, folic acid and trace elements like potassium are also high. The nutrients contained in spinach are relatively balanced, so spinach can effectively improve the physical health of the human body. The experts in America have proved that the substances extracted from spinach can effectively resist oxidation to improve the anti-oxidation for the human body. The flavonoid in spinach can also deal with senile macular degeneration and aging for people. Therefore, spinach can effectively defer the aging for the human body. The research proves that the adequate intake of fruits and vegetables can decrease the risks of getting apoplexy and high blood pressure. This is because the content of potassium is rather high. At the same time, the research proves that the frequent intake of spinach can effectively decrease the risks of getting retinal degeneration by 50%. The aged can eat spinach at least two times a week. The retinal degeneration can cause various eye diseases among the aged. The abundant carotenoid contained in spinach can effectively prevent the hurt caused by the strong sunlight to the retina. In addition, the vitamin C, vitamin E and folic acid contained in spinach can restrain the formation and chronic pigmentation of melanin in the skin so as to prevent the generation of chloasma and age pigment. The spinach can also prevent various diseases for the human body. The nutritional value and medical value of spinach are high. Therefore, people can moderately increase the intake in daily life. However, it is necessary for people to blanch spinach in the boiled water before they eat, as the oxalic acid contained in the food can hurt the human health to some degrees.

Find More Retinal Degeneration Articles

Article by marry

PVD, which is short for Posterior Vitreous Detachment, is a syndrome of eye that vitreous gel separate from the retina, meaning detachment. Vitreous gel is located behind the lens of eyes which is attached to retina at birth. However, with time goes by, the changes, either shrinking or liquefaction happening at the interface, will lead to the sudden peeling away of vitreous from retina. A study shows that age and refractive error are two important causes of PVD, which means elder and myopia people are more likely to be attacked by this disease.

APVD, which means Anomalous PVD, is a consequence of more excessive gel liquefaction than the degree of vitreoretinal dehiscense which is judged by the strongest vitreoretinal dehiscense located at the base in clinical way. Along the periphery of vitreous gel, detachments and retinal tears are more likely to be induced by APVD. And within the vitreous gel, vitreomacular traction syndrome with the symptom of vitreoschisis within the macular holes, or diabetic macular edema is more likely to be caused by APVD. While at the edge of retina and optic disk, vitreopapillary traction, with the consequence of nevovasculation, is more likely to be caused by APVD.

But the question on how to treat or prevent APVD in an effective way is emphasized by lots of eye doctors. Finally, the researchers find gel liquefaction and vitreoretinal dehiscense are two key components of PVD. So experts decide to use the method of pharmacologic vitreolysis to break down vitreous macro-molecules and weaken vitreoretinal adhesion to further mitigate APVD. This is a safe way to help to prevent the disease from becoming more serious, especially during the initial period of the disease. This is called unifying theory.

We know APVD is due to the continuous attachment of vitreous gel since the initial shrinking, so chemicals, microfibrin, or fabrin are greatly used to promote the releasing of vitreous from the traction exerting to the retina. It is a valuable discovery for the PVD patients, especially the young. As for the old patients, they find it unnecessary to do the surgery as their vitreous has changed so much. The treatment on APVD still has a long way to go. Discussion and researches should be the main direction in the future.

If you want to know more about Vision knowledge, then feel free to visit http://vision.firmoo.com/

Most of the eye’s interior is filled with vitreous, a gel-like substance that helps the eye maintain a “round” shape. There are millions of fine fibers intertwined within the vitreous that are attached to the surface of the retina, the eye’s light-sensitive tissue. As we age, the vitreous slowly shrinks, and these fine fibers pull on the retinal surface. Usually the fibers break, allowing the vitreous to separate and shrink from the retina. This is a vitreous detachment. In most cases, a vitreous detachment is not sight-threatening and requires no treatment.